The Ledger · Entry 10

The average adult now spends years in school, not months

Average years of formal education completed, ages fifteen to sixty-four

0.5 years in 1870
8.8 years in 2020

Data: Our World in Data, based on Barro and Lee (2015) and Lee and Lee (2016)

A century and a half ago the typical adult had barely set foot in a classroom. Formal education was for a small few, and most people learned a trade or a farm instead of a curriculum.

Average years of formal education completed by people aged 15-64, 1870 to 2020: from 0.5 years to 8.8 years. Source: Our World in Data, based on Barro and Lee (2015) and Lee and Lee (2016). 0.5 years 1870 6.2 years 1990 8.8 years 2020
Source: Our World in Data, based on Barro and Lee (2015) and Lee and Lee (2016) · CC BY 4.0 · retrieved 2026-07-02. Underlying data: Barro and Lee (2015); Lee and Lee (2016).

The key rows

1870 0.5 years The typical adult had almost no formal schooling.
1990 6.2 years The global average passes six years.
2010 8.1 years Crosses eight years of schooling.
2020 8.8 years The latest year of actual estimates.

Then schooling spread country by country, and each generation entered adulthood better educated than the one before it. The world average has been climbing steadily ever since.

Asked often

How many years of schooling did people have in the nineteenth century?

In 1870 the global average adult had completed 0.5 years of formal schooling. By 2020 that had risen to 8.8 years.

Whose schooling does this measure?

It is the population-weighted global average years of completed formal education for people aged fifteen to sixty-four, drawn from the Barro-Lee and Lee-Lee datasets.

Does this include the most recent years?

The dataset extends into projected years, but the endpoint used here, 2020, is the latest year of actual estimates rather than a projection.

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